Bei dieser Herausforderung geht es darum, die Abacaba-Sequenz einer bestimmten Tiefe zu drucken.

Hier ist ein Diagramm der ersten 5 Sequenzen ( a(N)ist die Abacaba-Sequenz der Tiefe N, Groß- / Kleinschreibung soll nur das Muster zeigen, dies wird in der Ausgabe Ihres Programms nicht benötigt):

a(0) = A
a(1) = aBa
a(2) = abaCaba
a(3) = abacabaDabacaba
a(4) = abacabadabacabaEabacabadabacaba
...
a(25) = abacabadabacabaeabacabadabacabafabacabadabacabaeabacabadabacabagabacabadabacabaeabacabadabacabafabacabadabacabaeabacabadabacabahabacabadabacabaeabacabadabacabafabacabadabacabaeabacabadabacabagabacabadabacabaeabacabadabacabafabacabadabacabaeabacabadabacabaiabacabadabacabaeabacabadabacabafabacabadabacabaeabacabadabacabagabacabadabacabaeabacabadabacabafabacabadabacabaeabacabadabacabahabacabadabacabaeabacabadabacabafabacabadabacabaeabacabadabacabagabacabadabacabaeabacabadabacabafabacabadabacabaeabacabadabacabajabacabadabacabaeabacabadabacabafabacabadabacabaeabacabadabacabagabacabadabacabaeabacabadabacabafabacabadabacabaeabacabadabacabahabacabadabacabaeabacabadabacabafabacabadabacabaeabacabadabacabagabacabadabacabaeabacabadabacabafabacabadabacabaeabacabadabacabaia...

Wie Sie wahrscheinlich feststellen können, ist die n-te Abacaba-Sequenz die letzte mit dem n-ten Buchstaben und dem dazugefügten Buchstaben. ( a(n) = a(n - 1) + letter(n) + a(n - 1))

Ihre Aufgabe ist es, ein Programm oder eine Funktion zu erstellen, die eine Ganzzahl annimmt und die Abacaba-Sequenz dieser Tiefe ausgibt. Die Ausgabe muss mindestens für Werte bis einschließlich 15 korrekt sein.

Pyth, 11 Bytes

u++GHG<GhQk

Einfache Reduktion.

Python, 44 Bytes

f=lambda n:"a"[n:]or f(n-1)+chr(97+n)+f(n-1)

Sieht verdächtig aus, als könnte man Golf spielen.

Haskell, 39 37 Bytes

a 0="a"
a n=a(n-1)++['a'..]!!n:a(n-1)

Anwendungsbeispiel: a 3-> "abacabadabacaba".

Edit: @Angs hat zwei Bytes zum Speichern gefunden. Vielen Dank!

Pyth, 14 13 Bytes

Danke an Jakube für das Speichern eines Bytes!

VhQ=+k+@GNk;k

Eine Lösung mit 14 Bytes VhQ=ks[k@GNk;k.

Erläuterung:

VhQ=+k+@GNk;k

               # Implicit: k = empty string
VhQ            # For N in range input + 1      
   =           # Assign k
      +@GNk    # Position N at alphabet + k
    +k         # k + above
           ;   # End loop
            k  # Print k

Probieren Sie es hier aus !

Retina , 37 32 Bytes

$
aa
(T`_l`l`.$
)`1(a.*)
$1$1
z

Der Zeilenvorschub am Ende ist signifikant. Die Eingabe erfolgt unär .

Probieren Sie es online!

Brainfuck, 157 Bytes

,+>-[>++<-----]>----->>+<<<<[->>[[->>[>>>]<+<+<[<<<]>>[>>>]<]>>[>>>]<[-<<[<<<]>>[>>>]<+>>[>>>]<]+>+<<<[<<<]>>[>>>]+[>>>]<]<<<+>>[<-<<]<]>>>>[>>>]<<<<<<[<<.<]

Die Eingabe erfolgt binär.

Die Grundidee ist, die aktuelle Sequenz (beginnend mit "a") wiederholt zu duplizieren und das letzte Element nach jeder Iteration zu erhöhen:

1. a → aa → ab

2. ab → abab → abac

3. abac → abacabac → abacabac

4. ...

Wenn dies alles die angegebene Anzahl von Malen durchgeführt wurde, wird das Ergebnis ohne das letzte Element gedruckt.

Ausführliche Erklärung

Der Speicher ist folgendermaßen angeordnet:

.---------.-.-----.----.---.-----.----.---.---
|Countdown|0|Value|Copy|End|Value|Copy|End|...
'---------'-'-----'----'---'-----'----'---'---

            |--Element 1---|--Element 2---|

Countdown enthält die Anzahl der Kopierzyklen, die noch ausgeführt werden müssen. Die ABACABA-Sequenz wird in benachbarten Blöcken gespeichert, die jeweils aus 3 Zellen bestehen. Der Wert enthält das Zeichen des Elements (dh "A", "B", "C" ...). Das Flag Kopieren gibt an, ob das entsprechende Element innerhalb des aktuellen Kopierzyklus kopiert werden muss (0 = Kopieren, 1 = Nicht kopieren). Das End- Flag wird für das letzte Element, während es kopiert wird, auf 0 gesetzt (in allen anderen Fällen ist es 1).

Nun zum aktuellen (leicht ungolften) Programm:

,                       read Countdown from input
+                       add 1 to avoid off-by-one error
>-[>++<-----]>-----     initialize value cell of first element to 97 ("a")
>>+                     set End flag of first element to 1
<<<<                    move to Countdown
[                       loop until Countdown hits 0 (main loop)
    -                   decrement Countdown
    >>                  move to Value cell of first element
    [                   copying loop
        [               duplication sub-loop
            -           decrement Value cell of the element to copy
            >>          move to End flag
            [>>>]       move to End flag of the last element
            <+<+        increment Copy and Value cell of last element (Copy cell is temporarily abused)
            <           move to End flag of second to last element
            [<<<]>>     move back to Copy cell of first element
            [>>>]<      move to Value cell of the first element where the Copy flag is 0
        ]
        >>[>>>]<        move to (abused) Copy flag of the last element
        [               "copy back" sub-loop
            -           decrement Copy flag
            <<          move to End flag of second to last element
            [<<<]>>     move back to Copy cell of first element
            [>>>]<      move to Value cell of the first element where the Copy flag is 0
            +           increment Value cell
            >>[>>>]<    move back to Copy flag of the last element
        ]
        +>+             set Copy and End flag to 1
        <<<             move to End flag of second to last element
        [<<<]>>         move back to Copy cell of first element
        [>>>]<          move to Value cell of the first element where the Copy flag is 0
        >+<             set Copy flag to 1
        >[>>>]<         move to Value cell of the next element to copy
    ]                   loop ends three cells behind the last "valid" Value cell
    <<<+                increment Value cell of last element
    >>                  move to End flag
    [<-<<]              reset all Copy flag
    <                   move to Countdown
]
>>>>                    move to End flag of first element
[>>>]<<<                move to End flag of last element                
<<<                     skip the last element
[<<.<]                  output Value cells (in reverse order, but that doesn't matter)

Haskell, 36 bytes

tail.(iterate((:"a").succ=<<)"_a"!!)

Try it online!

This uses a different recursive method from most of the other answers. To get the next string in the sequence, we don't join two copies in the previous string with a new letter in between, but instead increment every letter and intersperse a's.

aba -> bcb -> abacaba

05AB1E, 12 bytes (non-competitive)

Code:

'aIGDN>.bsJl

I'll be damned. I fixed a lot of bugs thanks to this challenge haha.

Explanation:

'aIGDN>.bsJl

'a             # Push the character 'a'
  I            # User input
   G           # For N in range(1, input)
    D          # Duplicate the stack
     N         # Push N
      >        # Increment
       .b      # Convert to alphabetic character (1 = A, 2 = B, etc.)
         s     # Swap the last two elements
          J    # push ''.join(stack)
           l   # Convert to lowercase
               # Implicit: print the last item of the stack

JavaScript (ES6), 43 42 bytes

a=n=>n?a(--n)+(n+11).toString(36)+a(n):"a"

A byte saved thanks to @Neil!

Yet another simple recursive solution...

CJam (14 bytes)

'aqi{'b+1$++}/

Online demo

Ruby (1.9 and up), 38 bytes

?a is a golfier way to write "a" but looks weird when mixed with ternary ?:

a=->n{n<1??a:a[n-1]+(97+n).chr+a[n-1]}

R, 48 bytes

f=function(n)if(n)paste0(a<-f(n-1),letters[n],a)

Try it online!

Simple recursion.

C#, 59 bytes

string a(int n){return n<1?"a":a(n-1)+(char)(97+n)+a(n-1);}

Just another C# solution...

Perl, 33 bytes

map$\.=chr(97+$_).$\,0..pop;print

No real need for un-golfing. Builds the string up by iteratively appending the next character in sequence plus the reverse of the string so far, using the ASCII value of 'a' as its starting point. Uses $\ to save a few strokes, but that's about as tricky as it gets.

Works for a(0) through a(25) and even beyond. Although you get into extended ASCII after a(29), you'll run out of memory long before you run out of character codes:

a(25) is ~64MiB. a(29) is ~1GiB.

To store the result of a(255) (untested!), one would need 2^256 - 1 = 1.15x10^77 bytes, or roughly 1.15x10^65 1-terabyte drives.

Java 7, 158 bytes

class B{public static void main(String[]a){a('a',Byte.valueOf(a[0]));}static void a(char a,int c){if(c>=0){a(a,c-1);System.out.print((char)(a+c));a(a,c-1);}}}

I like to lurk around PPCG and I would enjoy being able to vote/comment on other answers.

Input is given as program parameters. This follows the same format as many other answers here in that it's a straight forward recursive implementation. I would have commented on the other answer but I don't have the rep to comment yet. It's also slightly different in that the recursive call is done twice rather than building a string and passing it along.

Mathematica, 36 32 bytes

##<>#&~Fold~Alphabet[][[;;#+1]]&

Have you ever watched TWOW 11B?

Python, 62 54 46 45 bytes

I would like to think that this code can still be golfed down somehow.

Edit: Bug fix thanks to Lynn. -1 byte thanks to squid.

a=lambda n:n and a(n-1)+chr(97+n)+a(n-1)or'a'

Try it online!

Mathematica, 46 bytes

If[#<1,"a",(a=#0[#-1])<>Alphabet[][[#+1]]<>a]&

Simple recursive function. Another solution:

a@0="a";a@n_:=(b=a[n-1])<>Alphabet[][[n+1]]<>b

K5, 18 bytes

"A"{x,y,x}/`c$66+!

Repeatedly apply a function to a carried value ("A") and each element of a sequence. The sequence is the alphabetic characters from B up to some number N (`c$66+!). The function joins the left argument on either side of the right argument ({x,y,x}).

In action:

 ("A"{x,y,x}/`c$66+!)'!6
("A"
 "ABA"
 "ABACABA"
 "ABACABADABACABA"
 "ABACABADABACABAEABACABADABACABA"
 "ABACABADABACABAEABACABADABACABAFABACABADABACABAEABACABADABACABA")

JavaScript, 65 57¹ bytes

n=>eval('s="a";for(i=0;i<n;i++)s+=(i+11).toString(36)+s')

Demo:

function a(n){
  return eval('s="a";for(i=0;i<n;i++)s+=(i+11).toString(36)+s')
}
alert(a(3))

^{1 - thanks Neil for saving 8 bytes}

Japt, 20 17 bytes

97oU+98 r@X+Yd +X

Test it online!

How it works

         // Implicit: U = input integer
65oU+66  // Generate a range from 65 to U+66.
r@       // Reduce each item Y and previous value X in this range with this function:
X+Yd     // return X, plus the character with char code Y,
+X       // plus X.

         // Implicit: output last expression

Non-competing version, 14 bytes

97ôU r@X+Yd +X

The ô function is like o, but creates the range [X..X+Y] instead of [X..Y). Test it online!

I much prefer changing the 97 to 94, in which case the output for 5 looks like so:

^_^`^_^a^_^`^_^b^_^`^_^a^_^`^_^c^_^`^_^a^_^`^_^b^_^`^_^a^_^`^_^

Java, 219 bytes

My first code golf attempt. Probably can be golf'd further, but I'm hungry and going out to lunch.

public class a{public static void main(String[]a){String b=j("a",Integer.parseInt(a[0]),1);System.out.println(b);}public static String j(String c,int d,int e){if(d>=e){c+=(char)(97+e)+c;int f=e+1;c=j(c,d,f);}return c;}}

Ungolfed:

public class a {
    public static void main(String[] a) {
        String string = addLetter("a", Integer.parseInt(a[0]), 1);
        System.out.println(string);
    }

    public static String addLetter(String string, int count, int counter) {
        if (count >= counter) {
            string += (char) (97 + counter) + string;
            int f = counter + 1;
            string = addLetter(string, count, f);
        }
        return string;
    }
}

Pretty straightforward brute force recursive algorithm, uses char manipulation.

MATL, 14 bytes

0i:"t@whh]97+c

This uses version 8.0.0 of the language/compiler, which is earlier than the challenge.

Example

>> matl
 > 0i:"t@whh]97+c
 >
> 3
abacabadabacaba

Explanation

The secuence is created first with numbers 0, 1, 2, ... These are converted to letters 'a', 'b', 'c' at the end.

0         % initiallize: a(0)
i:        % input "N" and create vector [1, 2, ... N]
"         % for each element of that vector
  t       % duplicate current sequence
  @       % push new value of the sequence
  whh     % build new sequence from two copies of old sequence and new value
]         % end for
97+c      % convert 0, 1, 2, ... to 'a', 'b', 'c'. Implicitly print

Edit

Try it online!

Powershell, 53,46,44,41 Bytes

1..$args[0]|%{}{$d+=[char]($_+96)+$d}{$d}

Pasting into console will generate erronous output on the second run since $d is not re-initialized.

Save 2 bytes by using += Save 3 bytes thanks to @TimmyD

Gaia, 14 bytes

₵aØ@⟪¤ṇ3ṁ¤+ṫ⟫ₓ

Try it online!

₵a		| Push lowercase alphabet
  Ø		| push lowercase string
   @         ₓ	| push the input and do everything between ⟪⟫ that many times
    ⟪¤		| swap
      ṇ		| take the last (first) character
       3ṁ	| push the 3rd item on the stack
         ¤+	| swap and concatenate
           ṫ⟫	| and palindromize

PowerShell, 54 bytes

param($n)for(;$n+1){$d+=[char]($i+++97-32*!$n--)+$d}$d

Try it online!

Japt, 8 bytes

;gCåÈ+iY

Try it

;gCåÈ+iY     :Implicit input of integer
 g           :Index into
; C          :  Lowercase alphabet
   å         :  Cumulatively reduce, with an initial value of an empty string
    +        :    Append a copy of the current value
     i       :    Prepended with
      Y      :    The current letter

Husk, 12 bytes

!¡S+oṠ:o→▲"a

Try it online!

Uses 1-based indexing, which I hope is OK.

Explanation

!             (                                          !!)
 ¡             iterate(                              )
  S                        <*>
   +                   (++)
    o                         (                     )
     Ṡ                         join$   .
      :                             (:)
       o                                    .
        →                               succ
         ▲                                   maximum
          "a                                          "a"

              (iterate((++)<*>(join$(:).succ.maximum))"a"!!)

APL(NARS), 24 chars, 48 bytes

{⍵<0:⍬⋄k,⎕A[⍵+1],k←∇⍵-1}

test:

  f←{⍵<0:⍬⋄k,⎕A[⍵+1],k←∇⍵-1}
  f 0
A
  f 1
ABA
  f 2
ABACABA
  f 3
ABACABADABACABA
  f 4
ABACABADABACABAEABACABADABACABA

PHP -r, 43 bytes

register_argc_argv must be enabled for this to work.

for($a=$b=a;$argv[1]--;$a.=++$b.$a);echo$a;

Try it online!

PHP, 51 bytes

An anonymous function that prints the output directly.

function($n){for($a=$b=a;$n--;$a.=++$b.$a);echo$a;}

Try it online!