Kann MySQL Server wegen falscher Dateiberechtigungen nicht starten?

Ich versuche, den Server zu starten und dann den Root-Benutzer durch zu reparieren

$ mysql -u root mysql
$mysql> UPDATE user SET Password=PASSWORD('my_password') where USER='root';
$mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

Der Server kann jedoch nicht gestartet werden:

$ mysqld --skip-grant-tables
2014-10-21 07:18:24 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Warning] Can't create test file /usr/local/mysql-5.6.21-osx10.8-x86_64/data/x4430.lower-test
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Warning] Can't create test file /usr/local/mysql-5.6.21-osx10.8-x86_64/data/x4430.lower-test
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [ERROR] InnoDB: ./ibdata1 can't be opened in read-write mode
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [ERROR] InnoDB: The system tablespace must be writable!
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error.
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed.
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [ERROR] Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [ERROR] Aborting

2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Binlog end
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'partition'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_DATAFILES'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_TABLESPACES'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_FOREIGN_COLS'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_FOREIGN'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_FIELDS'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_COLUMNS'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_INDEXES'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_TABLESTATS'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_TABLES'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_INDEX_TABLE'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_INDEX_CACHE'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_CONFIG'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_BEING_DELETED'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_DELETED'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_DEFAULT_STOPWORD'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_METRICS'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_BUFFER_POOL_STATS'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE_LRU'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX_RESET'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMPMEM_RESET'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMPMEM'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMP_RESET'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMP'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_LOCK_WAITS'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_LOCKS'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_TRX'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'BLACKHOLE'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'ARCHIVE'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'MRG_MYISAM'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'MyISAM'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'MEMORY'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'CSV'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'sha256_password'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'mysql_old_password'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'mysql_native_password'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'binlog'
2014-10-21 07:18:24 1967 [Note] mysqld: Shutdown complete

Mac OS X 10.9.5 und MySQL: mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.6.21 für osx10.8 (x86_64) mit EditLine-Wrapper

Berechtigungen:

$ ls -la /usr/local/mysql-5.6.21-osx10.8-x86_64
total 232
drwxr-xr-x  17 qazwsx  wheel    578 Oct 20 23:27 .
drwxrwxr-x  23 qazwsx  admin    782 Oct 20 23:27 ..
-rw-r--r--   1 qazwsx  wheel  17987 Sep 11 06:53 COPYING
-rw-r--r--   1 qazwsx  wheel  87980 Sep 11 06:53 INSTALL-BINARY
-rw-r--r--   1 qazwsx  wheel   2496 Sep 11 06:53 README
drwxr-xr-x  47 qazwsx  wheel   1598 Oct 20 23:27 bin
drwxr-xr-x  12 _mysql  wheel    408 Oct 21 07:13 data
drwxr-xr-x   5 qazwsx  wheel    170 Oct 20 23:27 docs
drwxr-xr-x  45 qazwsx  wheel   1530 Oct 20 23:27 include
drwxr-xr-x  12 qazwsx  wheel    408 Oct 20 23:27 lib
drwxr-xr-x   4 qazwsx  wheel    136 Sep 11 07:13 man
-rw-r--r--   1 qazwsx  wheel    943 Oct 20 23:25 my.cnf
drwxr-xr-x  19 qazwsx  wheel    646 Oct 20 23:27 mysql-test
drwxr-xr-x   3 qazwsx  wheel    102 Oct 20 23:27 scripts
drwxr-xr-x  36 qazwsx  wheel   1224 Oct 20 23:27 share
drwxr-xr-x  28 qazwsx  wheel    952 Oct 20 23:27 sql-bench
drwxr-xr-x   8 qazwsx  wheel    272 Oct 20 23:27 support-files


$ ls -la /usr/local/mysql-5.6.21-osx10.8-x86_64/data/
total 221248
drwxr-xr-x  12 _mysql  wheel       408 Oct 21 07:13 .
drwxr-xr-x  17 qazwsx  wheel       578 Oct 20 23:27 ..
-rw-rw----   1 _mysql  wheel        56 Oct 20 23:28 auto.cnf
drwx------   3 _mysql  wheel       102 Oct 20 23:45 cloudplatform
-rw-rw----   1 _mysql  wheel  50331648 Oct 21 07:13 ib_logfile0
-rw-rw----   1 _mysql  wheel  50331648 Oct 20 23:25 ib_logfile1
-rw-rw----   1 _mysql  wheel  12582912 Oct 21 07:13 ibdata1
drwx------  81 _mysql  wheel      2754 Oct 20 23:25 mysql
drwx------  55 _mysql  wheel      1870 Oct 20 23:25 performance_schema
drwxr-xr-x   3 _mysql  wheel       102 Oct 20 23:27 test
-rw-r-----   1 _mysql  wheel     24444 Oct 21 07:13 x4430.err
-rw-rw----   1 _mysql  wheel         5 Oct 21 07:13 x4430.pid

Der gesamte Ordner sollte im Besitz von MySQL sein

cd /usr/local/mysql-5.6.21-osx10.8-x86_64/data/
chown -R mysql:mysql *

Dann starten Sie mysql neu

Versuche es !!!

Ich finde einen anderen Grund für den gleichen Fehler. Ich benutze Homebrew, um MySQL zu installieren.

Der Server konnte nicht einfach mit dem folgenden Befehl gestoppt werden:

mysql.server stop

Der MySQL-Prozess wird automatisch neu gestartet. Die einzige Möglichkeit, dies zu stoppen, ist die Verwendung dieses Befehls:

brew services stop mysql

Dann könnten Sie das Problem mit dem Root-Benutzer beheben.

Vergessen Sie nicht, dass Apparmor auch den Schreibzugriff auf Verzeichnisse für MySQL blockieren kann.

Sehen Sie sich Orte wie /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.mysqld an und geben Sie Ihrem mysql-Datenverzeichnis "** rwk". (Apparmor-Neustart erforderlich) Informationen zu Apparmor-Berichten finden Sie unter /var/log/kern.log.