Wie kann ein Punkt NICHT innerhalb oder Berührung sein, aber dennoch ein Polygon schneiden?

11

Ich arbeite mit Volkszählungs-Shapefiles (Multipolygonen) und habe eine andere Tabelle mit Punkten. Wir zeichnen auf, in welchem ​​Zensusblock sich jeder Punkt befindet. Ich habe einen Punkt, der für alle ST_Within- und ST_Touches-Abfragen false zurückgibt. Für ST_Intersects in einem Block wird jedoch true zurückgegeben.

Wenn es ein anderes Polygon wäre, könnte ich verstehen, wie dies passieren würde, aber wie kann ein einzelner Punkt (ich habe überprüft, dass dies der Fall ist) für Intersects wahr sein, aber sowohl für Within als auch für Touches falsch? Wenn Sie es in QGis untersuchen, scheint es, dass es für Touches true zurückgeben sollte.

Unsere Tabelle hat Millionen von Punkten und nur dieser einzelne Punkt scheint ein Problem zu haben. Ich habe ST_IsValid sowohl für das Polygon als auch für den Punkt ausgeführt.

Ich bin ziemlich neu in Geometriedaten. Vermisse ich etwas darüber, wie das funktioniert?

Und der Polygonblock (Geoid: '170898507021157') 

SELECT ST_Within(pt, geom), ST_Touches(pt, geom), ST_Intersects(pt, geom)
FROM ( VALUES
    (
        ST_SetSRID( ST_GeometryFromText($$MULTIPOLYGON(((-88.466933 42.139013,-88.464586 42.139034,-88.463821 42.13901,-88.463811 42.138813,-88.463815 42.138705,-88.46382 42.138572,-88.463849 42.138468,-88.463886 42.138398,-88.464044 42.138452,-88.464239 42.138464,-88.464616 42.138472,-88.464961 42.138468,-88.465318 42.13846,-88.465558 42.138464,-88.465695 42.138443,-88.465824 42.138402,-88.465969 42.138319,-88.466048 42.138248,-88.466106 42.138161,-88.466135 42.138057,-88.466148 42.1379,-88.466149 42.137731,-88.466143 42.137406,-88.466143 42.137086,-88.466131 42.136945,-88.466098 42.13685,-88.466027 42.136746,-88.46596 42.136677,-88.465799 42.136609,-88.465571 42.136559,-88.465359 42.136534,-88.465167 42.136547,-88.464221 42.136559,-88.464216 42.136248,-88.464199 42.13609,-88.464179 42.135999,-88.46412 42.13587,-88.464046 42.135779,-88.463847 42.135597,-88.463531 42.135373,-88.463341 42.135252,-88.46313 42.135068,-88.462915 42.134957,-88.462601 42.134865,-88.462337 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        ST_GeometryFromText('POINT(-88.450000 42.135254)',4326)
    )
) AS t(geom, pt);
postgis indiri
quelle
Willkommen bei der GIS SE! Nehmen Sie als neuer Benutzer an der Tour teil , um mehr über unser fokussiertes Q & A-Format zu erfahren.
Midavalo
1
Möglicherweise liegt der Punkt auf der Linie zwischen zwei Eckpunkten. Zumindest ist das der Eindruck, den ich von der Esri-Dokumentation bekomme (schneidet bedeutet nicht disjunkt; berührt bedeutet an einem Scheitelpunkt).
mkennedy
Ist es möglich, dass der Punkt in den Begrenzungsrahmen eines Multipolygons fällt? NS ST_Intersects nimmt die Begrenzungsgeometrie des Multipolygons, während die anderen nur das nehmen, was auf den genauen Koordinaten des Merkmals liegt? Können Sie eine Bildschirmaufnahme des Punktes / der Poly in QGIS veröffentlichen?
DPSSpatial
Ich habe ein kleines Problem mit Imgur von meinem Laptop aus, aber ich habe die Geometrie für beide oben hinzugefügt. Beide sind SRID 4326
indiri
Whoof, hier habe ich die Dimensionally Extended 9-Intersection Matrix (DE-9IM) überprüft und mich gefragt, ob mir etwas fehlt. Rückkehr 0F2FF1FF2hierher
Evan Carroll

Antworten:

6

ST_Within(A,B)sagt dir, ob " Ainnerhalb ist B". Befindet sich das Polygon innerhalb des Punktes? Nee. ST_Contains(A, B)sagt dir, ob " Aenthält B" und es ist.

SELECT ST_Within(geom,pt), ST_Contains(geom,pt), ST_Touches(geom,pt), ST_Intersects(geom,pt)
FROM ( VALUES
    (
    ST_SetSRID( ST_GeometryFromText($$MULTIPOLYGON(((-88.466933 42.139013,-88.464586 42.139034,-88.463821 42.13901,-88.463811 42.138813,-88.463815 42.138705,-88.46382 42.138572,-88.463849 42.138468,-88.463886 42.138398,-88.464044 42.138452,-88.464239 42.138464,-88.464616 42.138472,-88.464961 42.138468,-88.465318 42.13846,-88.465558 42.138464,-88.465695 42.138443,-88.465824 42.138402,-88.465969 42.138319,-88.466048 42.138248,-88.466106 42.138161,-88.466135 42.138057,-88.466148 42.1379,-88.466149 42.137731,-88.466143 42.137406,-88.466143 42.137086,-88.466131 42.136945,-88.466098 42.13685,-88.466027 42.136746,-88.46596 42.136677,-88.465799 42.136609,-88.465571 42.136559,-88.465359 42.136534,-88.465167 42.136547,-88.464221 42.136559,-88.464216 42.136248,-88.464199 42.13609,-88.464179 42.135999,-88.46412 42.13587,-88.464046 42.135779,-88.463847 42.135597,-88.463531 42.135373,-88.463341 42.135252,-88.46313 42.135068,-88.462915 42.134957,-88.462601 42.134865,-88.462337 42.134822,-88.461619 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42.133717,-88.458735 42.134017,-88.458987 42.134122,-88.459504 42.134245,-88.459832 42.134282,-88.460495 42.134263,-88.461281 42.134263,-88.461905 42.134249,-88.462648 42.134259,-88.462991 42.134306,-88.463362 42.134392,-88.463604 42.134506,-88.463705 42.134554,-88.463991 42.134706,-88.464239 42.134897,-88.464391 42.135068,-88.46467 42.135368,-88.464905 42.135602,-88.465077 42.135754,-88.465286 42.135916,-88.465429 42.135983,-88.465667 42.136068,-88.465924 42.136106,-88.466362 42.136116,-88.466905 42.136087,-88.466935 42.137029,-88.466933 42.139013),(-88.458229 42.134374,-88.458161 42.134318,-88.457492 42.133962,-88.456546 42.133502,-88.456091 42.133293,-88.455809 42.133188,-88.455551 42.133133,-88.455471 42.133102,-88.455385 42.133158,-88.45533 42.133244,-88.455299 42.13336,-88.455275 42.133471,-88.455282 42.133657,-88.455274 42.133965,-88.455279 42.133988,-88.455294 42.134017,-88.455319 42.134042,-88.45533 42.13405,-88.455351 42.134062,-88.455388 42.134075,-88.455429 42.134081,-88.45546 42.13408,-88.455658 42.134071,-88.455717 42.13407,-88.455796 42.134076,-88.455874 42.134088,-88.455948 42.134108,-88.45602 42.134134,-88.456046 42.134146,-88.456482 42.134355,-88.457315 42.134739,-88.457836 42.135006,-88.457946 42.134877,-88.458112 42.134687,-88.458204 42.134552,-88.458247 42.134447,-88.458229 42.134374),(-88.452273 42.135697,-88.452285 42.135431,-88.452274 42.135336,-88.452194 42.134994,-88.452165 42.134926,-88.452102 42.134856,-88.452036 42.134814,-88.451952 42.134783,-88.451842 42.134768,-88.450207 42.134731,-88.450045 42.134734,-88.449883 42.134753,-88.449809 42.134767,-88.449989 42.135232,-88.450033 42.13532,-88.450071 42.135375,-88.450125 42.135435,-88.450188 42.135489,-88.450274 42.135547,-88.450379 42.1356,-88.450498 42.135641,-88.450645 42.13567,-88.451787 42.135817,-88.45195 42.135827,-88.452057 42.135822,-88.452288 42.13579,-88.452273 42.135697)))$$), 4326 ),
    ST_GeometryFromText('POINT(-88.450000 42.135254)',4326)
    )
) AS t(geom, pt);

Hier sind die Ergebnisse auf meinem Computer:

 st_within | st_contains | st_touches | st_intersects 
-----------+-------------+------------+---------------
 f         | t           | f          | t
Paul Ramsey
quelle
Ich habe ST_Within (point, geom) (ist point in geom) ausgeführt und es wurde false zurückgegeben. Die obige Bearbeitung wurde von jemandem falsch eingegeben. Und mein Computer gibt es auch bei Berührung als falsch zurück. Ich habe überprüft, ob das Polygon gültig ist. Wenn Sie für ST_Touches wahr werden, denken Sie darüber nach, warum ich es nicht tue. Alle Blöcke wurden auf einmal importiert (es scheint also unwahrscheinlich, dass nur einer beschädigt importiert wurde?) Und die anderen kehren korrekt zurück, selbst wenn der Punkt nur berührt wird.
Indiri
2
Nun, dann gehe ich auf meinen vorherigen Kommentar zurück und habe festgestellt, dass Sie einen sehr kleinen Unterschied zwischen Implementierungen in GEOS (innerhalb / enthält) und PostGIS (Überschneidungen) festgestellt haben. Die Tatsache, dass ich korrekte Ergebnisse sehe, ist wahrscheinlich ein Ergebnis des Übergangs von binär zu Textform und zurück, da der Unterschied so gering ist, dass nur diese Transformation ihn beeinflussen könnte.
Paul Ramsey
@PaulRamsey Ich denke, Ihre ursprüngliche Idee knüpft an ein ähnliches merkwürdiges Verhalten an, das ich in dieser Frage gesehen habe . In diesem Fall waren es QGIS-Geometriefunktionen, die GEOS unter der Haube verwenden.
Steven Kay
Ich denke, Ihr Kommentar ist hier wirklich die Antwort, aber ich werde dies als vollständig markieren. Danke für den interessanten Einblick!
Indiri
0

Weitere Erläuterungen zu dieser Situation:

  • Der Punkt tut liegen richtig innerhalb des Polygons (kaum)
  • Da der Punkt im Inneren des Polygons liegt, ST_Toucheskehrt er zurück false. (Es würde zurückkehren, truewenn der Punkt genau auf der Polygongrenze liegt.)
  • Für mich läuft die zur Verfügung gestellten Abfrage gibt truefür ST_Within, wie erwartet. Dies kann auf Gleitkommaunterschiede auf der Plattform oder möglicherweise auf Upgrades in der GEOS-Bibliothek zurückzuführen sein.

Also läuft alles wie erwartet aus.

dr_jts
quelle