Ich habe 3 virtuelle Maschinen über Oracle VirtualBox eingerichtet: Ubuntu, Fedora und CentOS. Der Ubuntu-Computer ist wie folgt eingerichtet:
kuyu@ub16:~$ ifconfig
enp0s3 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:ed:19:9f
inet addr:172.25.1.4 Bcast:172.25.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::7d42:e5b6:7818:df37/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:23245 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:18488 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:21373422 (21.3 MB) TX bytes:3230755 (3.2 MB)
enp0s8 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:a4:79:fe
inet6 addr: fe80::5d4e:ef97:3c34:f2b6/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:1582 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:70 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:119897 (119.8 KB) TX bytes:9194 (9.1 KB)
enp0s9 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:3a:28:14
inet6 addr: fe80::118f:71e1:f2b2:f582/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:1586 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:69 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:120766 (120.7 KB) TX bytes:8852 (8.8 KB)
enp0s10 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:3a:23:39
inet addr:10.0.3.4 Bcast:10.0.3.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::1013:fee6:cdd6:4ba4/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:16377 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:12869 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:15323241 (15.3 MB) TX bytes:2256638 (2.2 MB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:2304 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:2304 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1
RX bytes:292108 (292.1 KB) TX bytes:292108 (292.1 KB)
kuyu@ub16:~$ route
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
default 10.0.3.1 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 enp0s10
default 172.25.1.1 0.0.0.0 UG 101 0 0 enp0s3
10.0.3.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 enp0s10
link-local * 255.255.0.0 U 1000 0 0 enp0s10
172.25.1.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 enp0s3
Die Fedora-Maschine ist wie folgt eingerichtet:
[kuyu@localhost ~]$ ifconfig
enp0s3: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 10.0.2.15 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 10.0.2.255
inet6 fe80::a06b:59f9:ecd2:5f4f prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 08:00:27:cc:b4:fe txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 15606 bytes 10210208 (9.7 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 10377 bytes 1378129 (1.3 MiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
enp0s8: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 10.0.3.5 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 10.0.3.255
inet6 fe80::5081:a65:f591:5587 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 08:00:27:10:4b:c6 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 185 bytes 27128 (26.4 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 314 bytes 44983 (43.9 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
enp0s9: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.2.5 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.2.255
inet6 fe80::ea6c:3aa1:5fc9:bdff prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 08:00:27:e1:62:f4 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 62 bytes 12502 (12.2 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 234 bytes 34491 (33.6 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 36 bytes 3112 (3.0 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 36 bytes 3112 (3.0 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
virbr0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.122.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.122.255
ether 00:00:00:00:00:00 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
[kuyu@localhost ~]$ route
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
default gateway 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 enp0s3
default gateway 0.0.0.0 UG 101 0 0 enp0s9
default gateway 0.0.0.0 UG 102 0 0 enp0s8
10.0.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 enp0s3
10.0.3.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 enp0s8
192.168.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 enp0s9
192.168.122.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virbr0
Die CentOS-Maschine wird wie folgt eingerichtet:
[kuyu@localhost ~]$ ifconfig
enp0s3: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 172.25.1.5 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 172.25.1.255
inet6 fe80::1f36:5e13:45ae:b7d1 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 08:00:27:f4:fd:91 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 15070 bytes 21673274 (20.6 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 7401 bytes 471787 (460.7 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
enp0s8: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet6 fe80::bd87:67c1:8b39:f511 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 08:00:27:30:f3:fa txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 1442 bytes 107149 (104.6 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 56 bytes 6524 (6.3 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
enp0s9: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet6 fe80::e6a5:62c4:3dfa:b841 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 08:00:27:b9:cf:71 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 1403 bytes 102963 (100.5 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 17 bytes 2954 (2.8 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
enp0s10: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.2.4 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.2.255
inet6 fe80::3c3e:1a03:e554:514d prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 08:00:27:bd:1f:4a txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 131 bytes 23156 (22.6 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 339 bytes 57279 (55.9 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 134 bytes 11636 (11.3 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 134 bytes 11636 (11.3 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
virbr0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.122.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.122.255
ether 52:54:00:bb:2b:56 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
[kuyu@localhost ~]$ route
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
default gateway 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 enp0s3
default gateway 0.0.0.0 UG 101 0 0 enp0s10
172.25.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 enp0s3
192.168.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 enp0s10
192.168.122.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virbr0
Das Routing ist auf dem Fedora-Computer aktiviert:
[kuyu@localhost ~]$ sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
Die Ubuntu-Maschine kann die Fedora-Maschine pingen:
kuyu@ub16:~$ ping 10.0.3.5
PING 10.0.3.5 (10.0.3.5) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.0.3.5: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=2.39 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.3.5: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=1.53 ms
Ebenso kann die CentOS-Maschine die Fedora-Maschine per Ping erreichen:
[kuyu@localhost ~]$ ping 192.168.2.5
PING 192.168.2.5 (192.168.2.5) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.2.5: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.63 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.2.5: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=1.14 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.2.5: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=1.42 ms
Der Ubuntu-Rechner kann den CentOS-Rechner jedoch nicht über den Fedora-Rechner pingen:
kuyu@ub16:~$ ping 192.168.2.4
PING 192.168.2.4 (192.168.2.4) 56(84) bytes of data.
^C
--- 192.168.2.4 ping statistics ---
5 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 4050ms
Ebenso kann der CentOS-Rechner den Ubuntu-Rechner nicht über den Fedora-Rechner anpingen:
[kuyu@localhost ~]$ ping 10.0.3.4
PING 10.0.3.4 (10.0.3.4) 56(84) bytes of data.
^C
--- 10.0.3.4 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 3004ms
Meine Frage ist, wie kann ich die Maschinenkonfigurationen korrigieren, damit der Ubuntu-Computer die CentOS-Maschine (und umgekehrt) über die Fedora-Maschine pingen kann?
linux
networking
kurt
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ip routefür die Ubuntu- und CentOS-Maschine (unter Verwendung der entsprechenden CentOS-Anforderungen).Antworten:
Es ist möglich / wahrscheinlich, dass Ihre Fedora-Box einen Firewall-Standard hat, der die Weiterleitung von Paketen verhindert.
Versuchen Sie zu laufen
Weiterleitung über diese Box
Wenn dies nicht funktioniert, brach ich tcpdump aus (und starte dann einen Ping zwischen Boxen und sehe, wo es feststeckt)
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