apt-get kaputt nach Versionsaktualisierung (nicht erfüllte Abhängigkeiten)

Ich habe ein Upgrade für 14.04 -> 15.10 mit dem Software-Update-Tool durchgeführt. Ich habe mich wieder angemeldet und versucht, ein Upgrade / Update durchzuführen. Ich habe Fehlermeldungen über nicht erfüllte Abhängigkeiten erhalten, die mit TeXlive zu tun haben und die mich daran hindern, apt-get-Operationen durchzuführen.

Ich bekomme diese Antwort jedes Mal, wenn ich versuche, etwas mit apt-get zu tun:

 user@XPS13:~$ sudo apt-get upgrade
    [sudo] password for user: 
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 asymptote : Depends: texlive-latex-base but it is not installed
             Depends: texlive-base-bin
 context : Depends: texlive-binaries but it is not installed
           Recommends: fonts-freefont but it is not installable
 dvipng : Depends: texlive-base-bin
 feynmf : Depends: texlive-latex-base but it is not installed
          Depends: texlive-font-utils but it is not installed
          Depends: texlive-extra-utils but it is not installed
 fragmaster : Depends: texlive-base-bin
              Depends: texlive-latex-base but it is not installed
              Depends: texlive-extra-utils but it is not installed
              Depends: texlive-font-utils but it is not installed
 latex-beamer : Depends: texlive-latex-base but it is not installed
 latex-cjk-common : Depends: texlive-latex-base but it is not installed
                    Depends: texlive-font-utils (>= 2007.dfsg.2-1) but it is not installed
 latex-cjk-thai : Depends: texlive-latex-base but it is not installed
                  Depends: texlive-lang-other (>= 2013.20130523-1) but it is not installed
 latexmk : Depends: texlive-latex-base but it is not installed
 luatex : Depends: texlive-binaries (>= 2014) but it is not installed
 musixtex : Depends: texlive-binaries but it is not installed
 pmx : Depends: texlive-latex-base but it is not installed
 prosper : Depends: texlive-latex-base but it is not installed
 tex4ht : Depends: texlive-base-bin
 tex4ht-common : Depends: texlive-base-bin
 texlive-base : Depends: texlive-binaries (>= 2013.20130512) but it is not installed
 texlive-fonts-extra-doc : Depends: texlive-base (>= 2015) but 2013.20140215-1 is installed
                           Depends: tex-common (>= 6) but 4.04 is installed
 texlive-fonts-recommended-doc : Depends: tex-common (>= 6) but 4.04 is installed
                                 Depends: texlive-base (>= 2015) but 2013.20140215-1 is installed
 texlive-full : Depends: texlive-lang-spanish (>= 2015) but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-music (>= 2015) but 2013.20140215-2 is installed
                Depends: texlive-lang-arabic (>= 2015) but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-lang-english (>= 2015) but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-metapost-doc (>= 2015) but 2013.20140215-1 is installed
                Depends: texlive-bibtex-extra (>= 2015) but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-latex-extra (>= 2015) but 2013.20140215-2 is installed
                Depends: texlive-xetex (>= 2015) but 2013.20140215-1 is installed
                Depends: texlive-latex-base (>= 2015) but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-lang-french (>= 2015) but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-science-doc (>= 2015) but 2013.20140215-2 is installed
                Depends: texlive-latex-recommended (>= 2015) but 2013.20140215-1 is installed
                Depends: texlive-lang-polish (>= 2015) but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-latex-recommended-doc (>= 2015) but 2013.20140215-1 is installed
                Depends: texlive-lang-german (>= 2015) but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-fonts-recommended (>= 2015) but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-math-extra (>= 2015) but 2013.20140215-2 is installed
                Depends: texlive-games (>= 2015) but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-extra-utils (>= 2015) but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-font-utils (>= 2015) but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-latex-base-doc (>= 2015) but 2013.20140215-1 is installed
                Depends: texlive-publishers-doc (>= 2015) but 2013.20140215-2 is installed
                Depends: texlive-pstricks (>= 2015) but 2013.20140215-2 is installed
                Depends: texlive-latex-extra-doc (>= 2015) but 2013.20140215-2 is installed
                Depends: texlive-lang-indic (>= 2015) but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-lang-cyrillic (>= 2015) but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-lang-czechslovak (>= 2015) but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-lang-other (>= 2015) but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-lang-greek (>= 2015) but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-fonts-extra (>= 2015) but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-lang-korean (>= 2015) but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-omega (>= 2015) but 2013.20140215-1 is installed
                Depends: texlive-pictures-doc (>= 2015) but 2013.20140215-1 is installed
                Depends: texlive-lang-african (>= 2015) but it is not installed
                Depends: prerex but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-lang-portuguese (>= 2015) but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-formats-extra (>= 2015) but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-science (>= 2015) but 2013.20140215-2 is installed
                Depends: texlive-pictures (>= 2015) but 2013.20140215-1 is installed
                Depends: texlive-lang-cjk (>= 2015) but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-humanities (>= 2015) but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-plain-extra (>= 2015) but 2013.20140215-2 is installed
                Depends: texlive-metapost (>= 2015) but 2013.20140215-1 is installed
                Depends: texlive-lang-italian (>= 2015) but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-publishers (>= 2015) but 2013.20140215-2 is installed
                Depends: texlive-lang-chinese (>= 2015) but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-generic-recommended (>= 2015) but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-generic-extra (>= 2015) but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-base (>= 2015) but 2013.20140215-1 is installed
                Depends: texlive-lang-japanese (>= 2015) but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-luatex (>= 2015) but 2013.20140215-1 is installed
                Depends: texlive-binaries (>= 2015.20150524) but it is not installed
                Depends: texlive-pstricks-doc (>= 2015) but 2013.20140215-2 is installed
                Depends: texlive-lang-european (>= 2015) but it is not installed
 texlive-humanities-doc : Depends: texlive-base (>= 2015) but 2013.20140215-1 is installed
                          Depends: tex-common (>= 6) but 4.04 is installed
 texlive-latex-extra : Depends: texlive-binaries (>= 2013.20130512) but it is not installed
 texlive-latex-recommended : Depends: texlive-latex-base (>= 2013.20130512) but it is not installed
                             Depends: texlive-binaries (>= 2013.20130512) but it is not installed
 texlive-luatex : Depends: texlive-binaries (>= 2013.20130512) but it is not installed
 texlive-math-extra : Depends: texlive-latex-base (>= 2013.20130512) but it is not installed
                      Depends: texlive-fonts-recommended (>= 2013.20130512) but it is not installed
                      Depends: texlive-binaries (>= 2013.20130512) but it is not installed
 texlive-metapost : Depends: texlive-binaries (>= 2013.20130512) but it is not installed
 texlive-music : Depends: texlive-binaries (>= 2013.20130512) but it is not installed
                 Depends: texlive-latex-base (>= 2013.20130512) but it is not installed
 texlive-omega : Depends: texlive-binaries (>= 2013.20130512) but it is not installed
                 Depends: texlive-latex-base (>= 2013.20130512) but it is not installed
 texlive-pictures : Depends: texlive-binaries (>= 2013.20130512) but it is not installed
 texlive-pstricks : Depends: texlive-generic-recommended (>= 2013.20130512) but it is not installed
                    Depends: texlive-binaries (>= 2013.20130512) but it is not installed
                    Recommends: texlive-font-utils but it is not installed
                    Recommends: texlive-extra-utils but it is not installed
 texlive-publishers : Depends: texlive-latex-base (>= 2013.20130512) but it is not installed
 texlive-science : Depends: texlive-latex-base (>= 2013.20130512) but it is not installed
                   Depends: texlive-binaries (>= 2013.20130512) but it is not installed
 texlive-xetex : Depends: texlive-latex-base (>= 2013.20130512) but it is not installed
                 Depends: texlive-binaries (>= 2013.20130512) but it is not installed
 tipa : Depends: texlive-latex-base but it is not installed
        Depends: texlive-base-bin
E: Unmet dependencies. Try using -f.
user@XPS13:~$ 

Beim Ausführen der Installation von apt-get -f wurden die fehlenden Pakete heruntergeladen, es wurde jedoch ein Fehler zurückgegeben, und das Problem besteht weiterhin:

Fetched 1,526 MB in 10min 34s (2,404 kB/s)                                     
Extracting templates from packages: 100%
Preconfiguring packages ...
(Reading database ... 654588 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../texlive-latex-base-doc_2015.20150625-1ubuntu1_all.deb ...
Unpacking texlive-latex-base-doc (2015.20150625-1ubuntu1) over (2013.20140215-1) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/texlive-latex-base-doc_2015.20150625-1ubuntu1_all.deb (--unpack):
 trying to overwrite '/usr/share/doc/texlive-doc/latex/url/url.tex.gz', which is also in package texlive-latex-recommended-doc 2013.20140215-1
dpkg-deb: error: subprocess paste was killed by signal (Broken pipe)
Errors were encountered while processing:
 /var/cache/apt/archives/texlive-latex-base-doc_2015.20150625-1ubuntu1_all.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

Ich habe einen Thread in einem anderen Forum gefunden, in dem jemand nach einem Versions-Upgrade genau das gleiche Problem hatte, aber es gibt keine Lösung.

/superuser/489681/package-problems-after-upgrade

Wenn Sie die texlive-Pakete mit apt-get bereinigen, wird nur der gleiche Fehler bezüglich fehlender Abhängigkeiten zurückgegeben.

Ein weiterer Thread mit einem identischen Problem:

dpkg-deb: Fehler: Unterprozess-Paste wurde nach der Installation von Ubuntu 15.10 durch ein Signal (Broken Pipe) beendet

Aktualisieren:

Ich habe jedes der fehlerhaften Pakete einzeln mit dpkg --purge --force-all manuell entfernt. apt-get funktioniert jetzt soweit ich das beurteilen kann. Hoffentlich wird alles gut, wenn ich texlive neu installiere.

Ich habe das Problem einfach etwas einfacher behoben

sudo dpkg --force-all --purge texlive-latex-base-doc

Danach konnte ich das Update erfolgreich abschließen.

Ich hatte ein ähnliches Problem. In meinem Fall musste ich rennen

sudo dpkg --purge --force-all texlive-xetex
sudo dpkg --purge --force-all texlive-math-extra

wie von @mysonbort erwähnt. Diese beiden Pakete haben irgendwie Konflikte verursacht. Nach dem Entfernen a

sudo apt-get -f install

funktionierte reibungslos.

Ich hatte genau das gleiche Problem beim Upgrade von 14.04 auf 15.10. Dem Gedankengang des OP folgend, konnte ich dies durch Laufen lösen:

sudo apt-get purge texlive* context dvipng feynmf fragmasater latex* luatex musixtex pmx propser tex4ht* tipa

plus ein paar andere Abhängigkeiten, die auftreten würden, wenn ich den Befehl apt-get purge iteriere. Nachdem ich alle mit tex verbundenen Abhängigkeiten gelöscht hatte, konnte ich dist-upgrade fehlerfrei ausführen und dann texlive-full wieder sauber installieren. Nicht schön vielleicht, aber effektiv.