first = {1, 2, 3, 4}
second = {1, 5}
first | second # {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
first & second # {1}
first - second # {2, 3, 4}
first ^ second # {2, 3, 4, 5}
if 1 in first:
...
values = (x * 2 for x in range(10000))
len(values) # Error
for x in values:
a = 1 # integer
b = 1.1 # float
c = 1 + 2j # complex number (a + bi)
d = “a” # string
e = True # boolean (True / False)
0
“”
[]
for n in range(1, 10):
print(n)
while n < 10:
print(n)
n += 1
from array import array
numbers = array("i", [1, 2, 3])
point = {"x": 1, "y": 2}
point = dict(x=1, y=2)
point["z"] = 3
if "a" in point:
...
point.get("a", 0) # 0
del point["x"]
for key, value in point.items():
...
# Dictionary comprehensions
values = {x: x * 2 for x in range(5)}
first = [1, 2, 3]
second = [4, 5, 6]
combined = [*first, "a", *second]
first = {"x": 1}
second = {"y": 2}
combined = {**first, **second}
if x == 1:
print(“a”)
elif x == 2:
print(“b”)
else:
print(“c”)
# Ternary operator
x = “a” if n > 1 else “b”
# Chaining comparison operators
if 18 <= age < 65:
point = (1, 2, 3)
point(0:2) # (1, 2)
x, y, z = point
if 10 in point:
...
# Swapping variables
x = 10
y = 11
x, y = y, x